Saturday, October 20, 2012

What does Fast Food do to your brain?


Fast food meals linked to lower IQ


Press Association – Wed, Oct 3, 2012

Children given more fast food meals will grow up to have a lower IQ than those regularly given freshly-cooked meals, a study has revealed.

According to new research, childhood nutrition has long lasting effects on IQ, even after previous intelligence and socio-economic status are taken into account.

The study at Goldsmiths, University of London, examined whether the type of children's daily main meal had an impact on their cognitive ability and growth.

The results were based on a sample of 4,000 Scottish children aged three to five and found parents of higher socio-economic status reported to give their children meals prepared with fresh ingredients more often, which positively affected their IQ.

Lower socio-economic status was linked to more children having fast food, which led to lower intelligence.

Dr. Sophie Von Stumm, from the department of psychology at Goldsmiths, said: "It's common-sense that the type of food we eat will affect brain development, but previous research has only looked at the effects of specific food groups on children's IQ rather than at generic types of meals.

"This research will go some way to providing hard evidence to support the various high-profile campaigns aimed at reducing the amount of fast food consumed by children in the UK."

Dr. Von Stumm said the findings highlighted that differences in children's meals were also a social problem.

She said: "Mothers and fathers from less privileged backgrounds often have less time to prepare a freshly cooked meal from scratch for their children.

"These children score lower on intelligence tests and often struggle in school. Schools in less privileged areas must do even more to balance children's diet, so that they can achieve their cognitive potential."

Wednesday, October 17, 2012

To follow-up from the previous article - where you live does affect your health, check out this article about exercise and low income families.


Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index
August 28, 2012

In U.S., Exercise Has Bigger Emotional Payoff for Low-Income

Low-income Americans also reap more gains from healthy eating

by Megan Cochrane and Dan Witters
 
WASHINGTON, D.C. -- Although all Americans report better emotional health when they exercise frequently and eat fruits and vegetables regularly, low-income Americans experience an even bigger emotional boost from practicing these good health habits than do those at higher income levels.

Mood Boost effect for Americans who Execise frequently and get fruits and vegetables daily, by income
These findings are based on 180,299 interviews with American adults conducted between Jan. 2 and July 8, 2012, as a part of the Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index. The Emotional Health Index score is based on Americans' self-reports of positive and negative daily emotions, as well as self-reported clinical diagnoses of depression. Specifically, Americans are asked whether they felt or did "a lot of" each of the following the day before the survey: smiling/laughing, learning/doing something interesting, being treated with respect, enjoyment, happiness, worry, sadness, anger, and stress.
Low-income Americans experience greater improvement across almost all of the items in the Emotional Health Index when they exercise frequently and eat produce regularly than do those who are at a higher income level. For example, low-income adults who exercise three or more days per week are about seven percentage points more likely than their counterparts who exercise less than that to report experiencing happiness "a lot of the day yesterday." This compares to about a four-percentage-point increase for high-income adults who exercise frequently versus those who don't. Low-income Americans experience a bigger exercise "bonus" than do those with higher incomes in terms of daily smiling and laughter, enjoyment, and happiness.
Low-income Americans who exercise frequently also see a greater reduction in daily sadness and clinical diagnoses of depression than do those with higher incomes. However, Americans who exercise frequently at all income levels see an equal decrease is daily worry, and it is actually those making $90,000 or more per year who see the greatest stress reduction from routine exercise.
Percentage Point Difference in Emotional Health of frequent exercisers by income
Similarly, Americans in all income brackets who eat five or more servings of fruits and vegetables at least four days per week see widespread emotional health benefits, but it is particularly evident in those earning less than $36,000 per year. For example, low-income Americans who consume produce regularly are 3.9 points less likely to experience sadness "a lot of the day yesterday" than are their counterparts who don't. But, the reduction in sadness for high-income Americans who consume produce regularly is lower -- a decline of 1.9 points for those with annual incomes of $36,000 to $89,999 and -0.8 points for those making $90,000 or more per year.
Percentage Point Difference in Emotional Health of people who eat vegetables often by income
Implications
Frequent exercise and healthy eating can help promote positive emotions and reduce stress levels. For low-income Americans these activities are particularly beneficial to their emotional state. They experience an increased emotional boost from exercising and healthy eating when compared to those with higher income levels, although even those who eat right and exercise routinely fail to match the emotional health of their more affluent counterparts.
It's possible that the mood-boosting side effects of exercise and healthy eating make more of a difference for those who experience more uncertainty in meeting basic needs every day. Low-income Americans also more generally report lower levels of positive emotions and higher levels of negative ones than do those with higher incomes, and thus have more room for improvement. Regardless, these results suggest that the ability to access safe places to exercise and affordable produce plays an important role in improving the emotional health of all Americans, particularly for the less wealthy.

About the Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index
The Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index tracks wellbeing in the U.S., U.K., and Germany and provides best-in-class solutions for a healthier world. To learn more, please visit well-beingindex.com.

To view and export trend data and for more information on each of the six Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index sub-indexes, please see the following charts: Well-Being Index, Life Evaluation Index, Emotional Health Index, Physical Health Index, Healthy Behavior Index, Work Environment Index, and Basic Access Index.
Survey MethodsResults are based on telephone interviews conducted Jan. 2-July 8, 2012, as part of the Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index survey with a random sample of approximately 180,299 adults, aged 18 and older, living in all 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia, selected using random-digit-dial sampling.
For results based on the total sample of national adults, one can say with 95% confidence that the maximum margin of sampling error is ±0.3 percentage points.
Interviews are conducted with respondents on landline telephones and cellular phones, with interviews conducted in Spanish for respondents who are primarily Spanish-speaking. Each sample includes a minimum quota of 400 cell phone respondents and 600 landline respondents per 1,000 national adults, with additional minimum quotas among landline respondents by region. Landline telephone numbers are chosen at random among listed telephone numbers. Cell phone numbers are selected using random-digit-dial methods. Landline respondents are chosen at random within each household on the basis of which member had the most recent birthday.
Samples are weighted by gender, age, race, Hispanic ethnicity, education, region, adults in the household, and phone status (cell phone only/landline only/both, cell phone mostly, and having an unlisted landline number). Demographic weighting targets are based on the March 2011 Current Population Survey figures for the aged 18 and older non-institutionalized population living in U.S. telephone households. All reported margins of sampling error include the computed design effects for weighting and sample design.
In addition to sampling error, question wording and practical difficulties in conducting surveys can introduce error or bias into the findings of public opinion polls.
For more details on Gallup's polling methodology, visit http://www.gallup.com/.

Do you like where you live?

Check out some new studies about overall well-being and where you live. Did you know that where you live can either affect how healthy you are?  It can be the reason why you like to exercise or are packing on the pounds. Read on to learn more:

 
 
 
Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index
October 12, 2012

Americans Who Like Where They Live Are in Better Health

Those who feel good about, safe in their area have fewer health issues

by Lauren Besal and Kyley McGeeney
 
WASHINGTON, D.C. -- Americans who are either satisfied with their community or feel that their community is becoming a better place to live have Physical Health Index scores that are roughly nine points higher than score for Americans who are not satisfied with their communities or feel that their community is becoming a worse place to live.
Community Perception and Physical Health Index Scores
Specifically, those who are satisfied with the city in which they live or feel that it is becoming a better place to live are less likely to report having experienced physical pain, having health problems, being obese, having headaches, or having ever been diagnosed with asthma or high cholesterol. They are also more likely to report feeling well-rested and having enough energy.
Additionally, adults who say their city is getting better as a place to live are less likely to report having ever been diagnosed with high blood pressure, diabetes, or high cholesterol than those who say their city is getting worse as a place to live. However, residents who are satisfied with their city are no less likely to report these three health issues than those who are dissatisfied.
Self-report of physical health by views toward community
Of note, these results hold true even when controlling for income, education, and ethnicity -- revealing that individuals' perceptions of their communities are important, regardless of their demographic or socioeconomic situation.
Gallup and Healthways ask 1,000 American adults daily about their physical health and community perceptions as part of the Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index. The Physical Health Index includes 18 items, which measure: sick days in the past month, disease burden, health problems that get in the way of normal activities, obesity, feeling well-rested, daily energy, daily colds, daily flu, and daily headaches.
Community Safety Bolsters Physical Health
In addition, Gallup finds that Americans who feel safe while walking alone at night in the city or area where they live are in better physical health than those who do not feel safe doing so. Similarly, those who say they have easy access to a safe place to exercise in the city or area where they live are in better physical health than those who don't.
Perceptions of Community Safety and Physical Health Scores
Support for an Ecological Model of Physical Health
Although income, education, and ethnicity are correlated with health outcomes, tapping into an individual's perceptions about where they live sheds light on community-level factors that may influence the physical health of Americans. While there may be other factors at play here, such as age, the data suggest that there is a relationship between community perceptions and health.
These findings provide support for the ecological model of health, which suggests that one's living conditions, community safety, community development, and civic engagement, among other factors, affect community members' health outcomes. The relationship between community-level perspectives and physical health may have significant implications for urban planning and community improvement efforts, particularly in light of the increase in cardiovascular disease and obesity over the past decade. According to a recent Gallup Business Journal article, U.S. cities with the highest rates of obesity spend approximately $50 million per 100,000 residents to cover the direct costs associated with obesity and related conditions, such as cardiovascular disease.
The American Heart Association suggests that costs to treat cardiovascular disease may triple by 2030. At the same time, the growing trend of childhood obesity will greatly increase the percentage of American adults with cardiovascular disease and related conditions in the coming decades. As policymakers consider solutions to end the epidemic of obesity and bring down its associated healthcare costs in the U.S., discussions about community infrastructure may become increasingly prevalent. Urban planners and local governments can help ensure residents in their cities are not only satisfied with their community, but also have safe places to engage in physical activities.

About the Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index
The Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index tracks wellbeing in the U.S., U.K., and Germany and provides best-in-class solutions for a healthier world. To learn more, please visit well-beingindex.com.

Survey MethodsResults are based on telephone interviews conducted as part of the Gallup Healthways Well-Being Index survey Jan. 2-Dec. 29, 2011, with a random sample of 353,492 adults, aged 18 and older, living in all 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia.
For results based on the total sample of national adults, one can say with 95% confidence that the maximum margin of sampling error is ±1 percentage points.
Interviews are conducted with respondents on landline telephones and cellular phones, with interviews conducted in Spanish for respondents who are primarily Spanish-speaking. Each sample includes a minimum quota of 400 cell phone respondents and 600 landline respondents per 1,000 national adults, with additional minimum quotas among landline respondents by region. Landline telephone numbers are chosen at random among listed telephone numbers. Cell phones numbers are selected using random digit dial methods. Landline respondents are chosen at random within each household on the basis of which member had the most recent birthday.
Samples are weighted by gender, age, race, Hispanic ethnicity, education, region, adults in the household, and phone status (cell phone-only/landline only/both, cell phone mostly, and having an unlisted landline number). Demographic weighting targets are based on the March 2011 Current Population Survey figures for the aged 18 and older non-institutionalized population living in U.S. telephone households. All reported margins of sampling error include the computed design effects for weighting and sample design.
In addition to sampling error, question wording and practical difficulties in conducting surveys can introduce error or bias into the findings of public opinion polls.
For more details on Gallup's polling methodology, visit http://www.gallup.com/.

Monday, October 8, 2012

Do you know what your employees want?


Check out these articles, by various sources, which give insights into employee engagement.  The first article, from Time Business, reveals why employees stay with a job/company.  Do you know why employees leave jobs or decide to stay in their current jobs?

 

In the second article – did you know that stress can actually diminish creativity? Or even reduce that competitive edge to help companies be innovated?

 


What Makes Employees Want to Stay

By Paul Shread | September 6, 2012 | 1

 

If you’ve gone through the effort to hire the right people for the job, you want them to stay. So what makes employees want to stick around?

 

According to a recent “Workforce Retention Survey” by the American Psychological Association, today’s professionals seek a broad range of positive qualities from their companies, which isn’t surprising when you consider that they spend the majority of their waking hours at work. Women and older workers are much more likely to cite reasons such as job satisfaction and work-life balance for staying in a job, while men are more motivated by money.

 

David Ballard, who heads the Psychologically Healthy Workplace Program, notes that “top employers create an environment where employees feel connected to the organization and have a positive work experience that’s part of a rich, fulfilling life.”

 

Two-thirds of employees stay with a job because they enjoy what they do, although work-life balance matters too. Good benefits and pay help, as do positive relationships with co-workers.

The bottom line: If you want employees to stay, create a positive, fulfilling environment for them. Money helps, but it’s not the only thing motivating much of the workforce.

Adapted from What Workers Want to Stay at Their Job at Baseline Magazine.


 

 

Employee Brain on Stress Can Quash Creativity & Competitive Edge


9/05/2012 @ 11:22PM |16,397 views

Judy Martin, Contributor



Brain structures involved in dealing with stress and fear. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

 

Right to the point. “Work stress is a major problem,” David Ballard PsyD, told me recently in an e-mail exchange. He heads up the American Psychological Association’s Psychologically Healthy Workplace Program.

Workplace stress is not news. But how companies are handling the issue is worth a gander. As I wrote in a recent Forbes post, a recent APA study found only 58 percent of employees said they have the resources necessary to manage stress. Furthermore, a 2012 SHRM (Society for Human Resource Management) survey found only 11 percent of organizations have specific stress reduction programs in place.

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 “Even those organizations that do have stress management programs generally focus on individual-level training and resources to help stressed-out employees,” says Ballard, “but they neglect preventive and organizational-level approaches that may be more effective in the long run.”

Your Brain on Stress

With more than forty percent of American workers reporting chronic workplace stress, the long-term impact of stress and its influence on the human creative condition and business can be detrimental, says Rick Hanson PhD, a California based neuropsychologist and author of Just One Thing: Developing a Buddha Brain One Simple Practice at a Time.

“As ten-thousand studies have shown, when you are chronically stressed, you’re less able to be at your best. Particularly when you’re talking about a knowledge economy which really places a high premium on creativity,” Hanson told me via Skype.

Chronic stress degrades a long list of capabilities with regard to creativity and innovation, notes Hanson. It’s harder to think outside of the box, nimbleness and dexterity take a hit, and the response to sudden change is more difficult to manage. Hanson has been examining the impact of stress on the brain and well-being, while working in the trenches in corporate America and as the co-founder of The Wellspring Institute for Neuroscience and Contemplative Wisdom.

Hanson explains, stress is like fine sand being drizzled into the brain. It might keep working, but if you dump enough sand in there, it’ll freeze up at some point. Beyond heading into the deep freeze, he says neuroscience is now showing us that the cumulative consequences of stress can be a dire thorn in the side of business innovation.

Your Brain at Work

“Even a small amount of stress is noisy in the brain,” says leadership consultant, David Rock, the author of Your Brain at Work and the co-founder of the NeuroLeadership Institute. The organization partnered on a survey of 6000 workers, and found that only ten percent of people do their best thinking at work. Expanded technology, multitasking and a competitively demanding (or threatening) company culture, can add to the noise in the brain which crushes creativity.

“Threat makes you productive, but not necessarily effective. It can make you productive if you don’t have to think broadly, widely or deeply,” says Rock. “A threat response, which we might think of as stress, increases motor function, while it decreases perception, cognition and creativity.”

Ultimately, on the surface, stress might seem a good kick starter for productivity. But getting the creative juices flowing has more to do with the engagement of the employee and his or her disposition, notes Rock.

“What neuroscience is telling us, is that creativity and engagement are essentially about making people happier,” explains Rock who adds, “It’s what is called, a “toward state” in the brain.” In that “state,” Rock explains, workers feel curious, open minded, happier and interested in what they are doing.Move up http://i.forbesimg.com tMove down

A huge component of creating that state is to quiet the mind, and that means reducing stress. Rock discusses the neuroscience behind stress reduction here in my recent post at WorkLifeNation.com, Neuroscience Might Be New “it-strategy” to Boost Employee Creativity.

In my experience covering workplace issues for well over a decade, stress management programs in most companies, if they exist at all, are more of an ancillary stepchild in the wellness agenda. As David Ballard PhD told me, workplace flexibility, mental healthcare coverage and on-site fitness offerings certainly help to reduce stress, but it’s not enough. Perhaps a company will do more to help employees better manage stress, if the end-game is a more creative and engaged employee.

What do you think? Should companies be doing more to help employees manage stress?

 

 

How do you Manage?

Checkout this Blog by CAPP - Center for Applied Positive Psychology. Do you think you can improve your leadership skills by considering what your employees want from you? How can you incorporate positive change into your day to encourage your employees?




What Do Employees Want from Their Managers?
Posted: 08 Oct 2012 04:22 AM PDT
Posted by: Reena Jamnadas & Emma Trenier

Whatever our role or level in an organisation, we all have high expectations of our bosses. In particular, we want them to understand our strengths and preferences and tailor their approach to our needs – this came across loud and clear from the 1180 respondents in Capp’s recent Ideal Manager Survey.

We also place enormous value in this relationship working positively for us – a miserable, ineffective relationship with their line manager is the most common reason behind an employee’s decision to leave a company.

The results of Capp’s Ideal Manager Survey showed that 90% of employees disagreed that all managers should manage in the same way. This appreciation of diverse management styles was also shown in the breadth and range of strengths which employees thought were important for their managers.

Notwithstanding this, we see that employees most commonly want their managers to have the following strengths:

  • Mission: Providing a sense of meaning and purpose, always working towards a longer-term goal;

  • Enabler: Focused on creating the right conditions for people to grow and develop for themselves;

  • Personal Responsibility: Taking ownership of their decisions and holding themselves accountable for what they do;

  • Humility: Happy for others to share the credit for their team’s successes;

  • Esteem Builder: Able to help people believe in themselves and see what they are capable of achieving.

Do any of these strengths surprise you? Perhaps not, as this simple profile paints a picture of a trusted individual who leads through a combination of clear vision, personal commitment and a focus on developing others.

How can you develop these characteristics within your management style? Here are our five top tips:

  • Create a sense of purpose: Understand what drives each of your team members and gives them a sense of meaning in their work. As you delegate work, help individuals to see how it relates to this wider sense of meaning. In practice: this means spending time talking about context before focusing on detail.

  • Role model responsibility: If you want your team to develop their personal responsibility, choose a handful of areas in which you will actively demonstrate how you do this yourself. In practice: as well as taking responsibility yourself, take responsibility for training your team to do the same.

  • Share successes: Recognise the culture and climate that you want to build within your team. If it is one of shared ownership and collaboration, then seek to share team successes in ways that credentialise others. In practice: share credit with others in a range of ways including public praise, copying senior managers into positive feedback emails, and thanking individuals one to one.

  • Give specific positive feedback: Think about providing positive feedback just as carefully as giving ‘constructive’ feedback. Let people know what they have done well and what you would like them to keep doing. In practice: give specific, targeted feedback, along with evidence, when you see great work.

  • Set your team up to succeed: Find opportunities to stretch each person in your team and provide the autonomy for them to take full ownership. In practice: identify each person’s strengths so that you align opportunities to these strengths and can be sure the opportunity will provide a positive stretch.

By managing in this way, you’ll be taking important to steps to delivering your employees what they want, in turn helping you to deliver the performance you need.